In Memoriam: Michael Leathes (June 5, 1948 – August 14, 2024)
Welcome to the page where we honour the memory, life, and work of Micheal Leathes. In collaboration with local and regional mediation institutions and leaders whose work was influenced by Michael, we provide this space for the dispute resolution community to share their thoughts, memories, and messages of condolence. Humbly aware that no institution alone can do justice to Michael’s legacy, and led by his concept of mediative leadership: maximizing the value of relationships; partnering among stakeholders; and achieving the outcomes that will benefit all, we are creating a joint memorial page that honours his memory, where contributions and testimonials from around the world can be posted.
Farewell Michael. One of the Finest Men I ever met.Read More
Thank you to Greg and family for reaching out. Michael mentored me from the moment I joined Batmark in 1999 having completed by Law degree in South Africa. He was an extraordinary man and both Steph (my now husband of 20 years) and I had the privilege of working at BAT under his leadership for several years. Michael presented us...Read More
The loss of Michael saddens me deeply. His vision and spirit enriched the ADR community, as he understood that mediation is not just about resolving disputes but, more importantly, about building connections and fostering harmony in the world. Michael's efforts to establish the International Mediation Institute (IMI) as a user-driven organization were pivotal in promoting respect for and understanding of...Read More
So much was Michael at the root and in the heart of the International Mediation Institute IMI and its people. I’m sure he will be so forever. We praise the great efforts Michael made for IMI, for mediation and for other forms of dispute resolution on an international level. Representatives of the Netherlands Mediation Institute NMI (the organization I led...Read More
I was deeply saddened to hear that Michael is no longer with us. My memories of him go back to the days when he was a client at some of the multi-national corporations he spent time with - I had the good fortune of working closely with him on a number of challenging cases, particularly in South East Asia. He...Read More
There are only a few real Leaders in this world - Michael was certainly one of them. Michael has always been a role model for me in the area of mediation and one of the many projects we handled, the role-play video “Resolution Through Mediation: Solving a Complex International Business Problem (IP Dispute)”, created together with the International Trademark Association...Read More
What an honour to count Michael as a friend, mentor and colleague. We met many years ago in the early days of the mediation movement and Michael and BAT were instrumental in the promotion of the Millennium Accord in 1998, a pledge signed by over 500 organisations globally to use mediation rather than resort to ARMS (Adversarial Resolution Methods). Michael...Read More
Heartfelt CondolencesRead More
I was saddened to hear this news. I remember Michael as being one of the early corporate champions of mediation and, in particular, one meeting in a series of lengthy discussions that eventually led to the formation of the Civil Mediation Council, in which he told me after a round of self-introductions never to apologise for not being a lawyer....Read More
I have been very sorry to read of Michael's passing. Michael was a unique individual and I, like so many others, have so much to thank him for. He supported me in exceptional ways in my early days as a mediator and in my work trying to promote mediation here in Scotland. He was always generous and kind. He was...Read More
Dear Michael, dear friend and colleague in pioneering and elevating mediation in multinational corporate practice, many thanks for many inspiring years of friendship and collaboration in establishing inhouse conflict management leadership. Your keen and invaluable knowledge and experience in solving major international B2B conflicts, your enthusiasm and leadership contributed greatly in promoting mediation as important early conflict management and dispute...Read More
10 years ago I met Michael in his role as the founding co-Chair of the Singapore International Mediation Institute (SIMI), and I, the first Executive Director. Once we were on our way to a meeting at Maxwell Chambers. He introduced himself. "Hi I'm Michael Leathes". I didn't know at that time who he was or his immense contribution to the...Read More
It's not too difficult to describe Michael Leathes: a visionary; an inspiration for many; a thought leader; a darn good lawyer; an ethical, kind person who always made time for those who sought his wise counsel. He will be sorely missed. RIP.Read More
A significant loss to the Mediation community. My heart goes out to the family; my deepfelt condolences. Best wishes Girija Krishan Varma Certified Mediator, Arbitrator Fellow (FCIArb), ADR & IP Expert, Legal CounselRead More
Michael was a remarkable leader in the field of mediation, whose vision and dedication continue to shape the way we approach dispute resolution today. His tireless efforts to promote high standards, transparency, and collaboration in mediation have left a profound impact on the global community. I am deeply grateful for his contributions and the way he generously shared his knowledge...Read More
Michael had a wonderfully unique take on mediation and came at it from the user end. He knew what internal counsel looked for in a mediator and the mediation process and through IMI - International Mediation Institute sought to give it to them: a real pioneer, creative thinker and all-round nice guy. Thank you Michael, you paved the way for...Read More
The entire mediation community, and we at IIAM and APCAM, express our profound sadness at the demise of Michael Leathes, a legendary figure in the field of mediation. In July 2007, Professor Jim Coben of Hamline University, USA, introduced me to Mr. Michael Leathes, stating that he is one of the most prominent figures in the field of mediation and...Read More
Thank you all the good work you have done, especially in the field of mediation. You may have gone now but your contribution continues ringing your name forever. May your soul rest in peace. In God's name we ask.Read More
Michael was a true inspiration to anyone who heard him talk or talked to him about mediation and facilitation. But I will always remember him most for his inimitable style of presentation, which often made me laugh more than any other speaker I can think of - boundless enthusiasm and passion, with such a light touch, that ensured his well...Read More
We at CONCILIA are very saddened by the death of our dear friend Michael. He was truly a cornerstone for the entire world of mediation and ADR. We remember him being present and proactive in many events related to ADR, and we had the honor and pleasure of knowing him well, even during multiple international mediation procedures. A true professional...Read More
Deeply touched by the sad news of Michael's departure. I met Michael years ago in London when we were in BAT and I still remember his gentle manners, and his sincere passion for mediation. Another good fellow gone. Rest in peace, Michael; you'll be remembered.Read More
The SCCM was very sad to hear about the passing of Michael Leathes, who was a big supporter of the association in its early days and whose contribution to the field of mediation was invaluable. Our deepest sympathy goes out to his family and friends.Read More
I had a privilege to listen and to talk with Michael on several occasions related to mediation and I can’t remember a person who would have influenced my understanding of the art of dispute resolution more than him. On ADR conferences’ stages he was simply the best. His vision, knowledge and in particular extraordinary personal energy was fuel for the...Read More
SIMI is saddened by the passing of Mr Michael Leathes. As a key member of the Working Group which recommended the setting up of the Singapore International Mediation Centre (SIMC) and the Singapore International Mediation Institute (SIMI), Michael helped to analyze and advance the case for boosting international commercial mediation in Singapore, and shared his experiences as founder of the...Read More
Michael was a powerhouse of a man, a dynamic speaker and a true gentleman. He will be sorely missed. Our sincere condolences.Read More
Michael served as a non-executive in my business during its early stages, and without his guidance, we wouldn’t have become the global organisation we are today. His exceptional commercial leadership was invaluable, but what truly stood out were the lessons I learned from him about integrity, fairness, and kindness - this is what I will remember him for. It’s heartening...Read More
I was one of the many whose paths have been shaped by Michael’s generosity. When I was doing my PhD in mediation and had reached an impasse with my research, a mutual friend suggested that I contact Michael. Michael responded immediately and was enthusiastic and generous with his many suggestions of ways to try to get the data. He remained...Read More
Very sad. AAMC is shocked to hear the sad news.Read More
Michael's extraordinary vision and perseverance paved the way for so many in the dispute resolution world. The IMI stands strongly today in part because of his work. As an IMI Board Member I am honored to continue this mission. Thoughts and prayers flow to his family from all of his friends here at JAMS.Read More
Please also see our tribute to Michael at Mediate.com here: https://mediate.com/in-memoriam-michael-leathes-visionary-founder-of-the-international-mediation-institute I met Michael in 2006 shortly before the founding of the International Mediation Institute (IMI). We met in Amsterdam where Michael ran through his concepts of elevated membership requirements, reviews and active use of the Internet. Most amazingly, over the succeeding two decades, Michael fully delivered on his vision...Read More
This very sad news.Read More
From a professional point of view, Michael’s emphasis on the User of mediation services and concrete ideas of how to actualize mediation as a profession drew immediate attention not only from me but from my employer Shell who became a sponsor of IMI for decades as a result of Michael’s inspiration and spot on foresight. Personally, Michael’s unwavering mentorship not...Read More
Very sad news indeed. I remember fondly my many encounters with Michael in Brussels, London, Milan, Rome and elsewhere, sitting with him in panels, at conferences or during our several one-to-one lunches. He tried to convince me of the utmost importance of ensuring the lawyers and the general public of the quality of the mediators, being the main reason for...Read More
I am so sorry for everyone's loss.Read More
In Michael we have lost an indomitable ally, and his is a tremendous loss. He influenced a generation of corporations to rethink their ways of settling disputes and was an influencer in the real sense, not the sense in which it is vacuously used today. I will miss him and miss his wisdom and kindness. It was Michael who encouraged...Read More
Thanks for this opportunity to commemorate Michael Leathes properly. He was one of the leading lights in most of our mediation careers and a great INTA ADR Committee member and leader. I am very proud to have worked with Michael at the ADRC. Michael's passing is a huge loss for the global mediation community in general and for INTA in...Read More
Very sad news, and my condolences to his loved ones. He was truly a steward of the best that defines mediation practice and the philosophy that mediation strives to promulgate -- the principles of self-determination.Read More
Michael was truly a force of nature. He swept along people and altered ways of thinking, and showed us all the power and the pull of indomitable commitment. I am doubly blessed -- first, to have Michael as a dear friend, and second, to have been fortunate enough to bring Michael's ideas and energy to the CPR Board during my...Read More
I saw today that Michael has passed, which I was greatly saddened by. Michael was such an advocate of the client perspective in mediation and helped the mediation profession look outward to the community we serve. We will repost IMI links on our SM accounts for those in our network and encourage everyone to add their memories of Michael on...Read More
I will carry the memory of Michael's great preparation, quiet unwavering persistence, and genuine humility. His caring support, wise and encouraging words in 2015, on the occasion of the inaugural conference of the Florence International Mediation Chamber (FIMC), where I first met him along with the then-IMI leadership and many other giants of international mediation, have always accompanied me as...Read More
What very sad news. He was truly a mentor to me, and I would never have been so enthusiastic about mediation had it not been for him. He was always a true gentleman and willing to help out with his time and expertise. I would never have agreed to be the first Chair of IMI had he not agreed to...Read More
Mediate.com is eager to join this effort in celebrating Michael's life and work. We'll spread the word about the IMI memorial platform through all our channels. May his memory be a blessing to all of us, and I am confident that his legacy will inspire future generations of practitioners for many years to come.Read More
I received this news with great sadness but also gratitude to have known Michael and realizing the great inspirational force he is to the mediation community still today. An (annual?) award in his name for someone or an organization with an outstanding contribution to the mediation field is an excellent idea. Thank you for creating this page, honoring Michael’s spirit....Read More
The mediation community mourns the loss of Michael Leathes, a distinguished figure whose contributions have profoundly shaped the field. Michael was instrumental in the establishment of the renowned IMI - International Mediation Institute (IMI) and he served in a pro bono capacity as the first Executive Director of the institution. In addition, he was heavily influential in the Working Group...Read More
Michael was an extraordinary mentor, friend, teacher, leader, lawyer, businessman, visionary, and, above all, a remarkable human being. His deep values, principles, unwavering sense of justice and indomitable spirit touched everyone who knew him. His impact extended far beyond his professional career as an outstanding lawyer and maverick general counsel. He was instrumental in founding, orchestrating and sustaining IMI and...Read More
Michael was and always will be a huge motivator for me. He pursued the unity of mediators around the world and worked fervently to bless us all with a positive narrative of mediation practice. Though he was based miles away, he came and worked quietly to place Singapore on the map of international mediation. Directly and indirectly, his work became...Read More
The 7 Keys Initiative that he and Manon spearheaded was such a gift to the field. He worked tirelessly to make that happen. https://mediate.com/seven-keys-to-unlock-mediations-golden-age-the-introduction/. What struck me as we were working on this was how much he did NOT want his name to be mentioned - he wanted all credit going to other authors. So humble.Read More
I believe it was around 2005, in Rome at an ADR Center event sponsored by the EU, where Michael shared his vision for IMI. I vividly recall the passionate discussion among us practitioners about his concept, and my initial skepticism. It was only a few years later that I recognized the significant impact of IMI on the mediation world and...Read More
This is indeed very sad news. He was such a fantastic human being and he offered so much to the world regarding mediation. We will all miss him.Read More
Oh, how sad. On top of being a genuine leader who created new ideas and directions several times in our work, Michael was simply a wonderful human being, always open and honest and generous. Every conversation we had, in person and by email, was memorable. Thank you for honoring him -- he was a joy to work with, and will be...Read More
Although I did not know Michael as well as others. There is one vivid memory of him that stands out in my mind. It was in Singapore, at Chijmes, just a short distance from where I now work -- a coincidence, perhaps, or a twist of fate. I was living in Malaysia at that time and had visited Singapore for...Read More
Michael was an extraordinary man who taught me to look at everything from different perspectives. He inspired my complete way of thinking and always challenged me to get outside my comfort zone. He was full of ideas and energy but presented these with charm and wit and gentleness. I am eternally grateful for the friendship I had with him -...Read More
What a loss for all of us. I will never forget our first sessions, some twenty years ago, and our fun discussions. Please convey my condolences to his family.Read More
What an irreplaceable loss! That mediation wears the cloak of international acclaim today and has found its way into the natural vocabulary of most lawyers including the lexicon of judges is due largely to the dogged commitment of Michael Leathes. The mediation and dispute resolution community has truly lost a phenomenon whose contribution will remain evergreen. Not only did Michael...Read More
It’s morning here in Singapore and I just got the news. Exchanged messages with Michael last week through his son. He was optimistic about a full recovery and this is totally unexpected. We all loved Michael and what he stood for.Read More
The world has lost a very special person. Michael truly was an inspiration to us all. I first met him through Giuseppe de Palo at a corporate event in Italy. I was just hired at AIG. Michael was a visionary who pushed me into areas I would never have foreseen. His presence was missed since he stepped away from IMI...Read More
In reflecting on Michael’s passing, I find myself remembering the moments shared with him. There was that memorable boat tour in Singapore with Jeremy and Francois, where we admired the beauty of the bay while discussing how wonderful it all was. It was a simple yet profound experience that stands out. Another memorable moment was during the formation of SIMI,...Read More
Please accept my deepest condolences. Michael was a visionary, a great man and a good friend. I will miss him. Michael was a giant in mediation, and he was my Co-Founding Chair in the Singapore International Mediation Institute (SIMI). I have fond memories of us discussing the setting up of IMI over a beer (or two) in Singapore, and his...Read More
I am deeply saddened by the news received about Michael’s passing. Joining IMI in 2010, he was the greatest supporter a newly trained mediator could have ever wished for. He has touched so many lives and supported and led countless mediation initiatives. I thank everyone for the beautiful idea of collecting their memories in one place. I want to express...Read More
Michael Leathes was a star that shone brightly. While my feeling of loss is immense, the universe is not dimmed by his absence. His many innovations will continue, as will the positive changes that he drove in the culture of conflict resolution. He went bold in everything he did, and often also went big. He encouraged others to do the...Read More
ICC joins the international ADR community in mourning the loss of Michael Leathes. Michael was a pillar of the community and a visionary who worked tirelessly to promote access to justice through mediation and advocated for the voice of users of dispute resolution services to drive meaningful change. Among his many achievements was the founding of the International Mediation Institute...Read More
I am very saddened by the news of Michael’s passing. He was a towering, global, creative, and energetic force for mediation, negotiation and problem solving. I first met Michael shortly after my arrival in Europe in 2001. He had invited a group of mediators and mediation provider organisations to meet at his offices in London. Michael was a natural convenor,...Read More
The staff and members of the CPR Institute are saddened to learn of the passing of our friend, mentor, and former board member Michael S. Leathes. Michael’s influence on our work was vast and deep—a voice of consciousness in mediation quality (and later exemplified in his founding of International Mediation Institute), a proponent of deal mediation, and as an advocate...Read More
At 8.30am on the first day of the 1965-66 Academic Year, Michael Leathes, aged 17, led his first Morning Assembly for the pupils at his school as the new Head Boy. After the routine announcements, he informed the pupils that corporal punishment – teachers beating pupils with a cane or ruler if they transgressed – would cease immediately and permanently. Corporal punishment was widespread in UK schools at the time, and remained legal until 1986.
The new Headmaster, on his first day in post having transferred from another school, and all the teaching staff, were flabbergasted when the news spread within minutes. The Headmaster summoned Michael to his study. Who authorised this announcement? and Why did you do it? Michael’s answers were: “No one”; and “I had to redress a wrong”. The Headmaster took his time responding, perhaps reflecting on the school’s motto, drawn from Juvenal’s Satires in 2AD: Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? – Who guards the guards themselves? When he spoke, he said he intended to introduce many changes, including stopping the beatings, finally adding: “Michael, we will get on much better if you please talk to me first on all important matters”. Nothing more was said. Corporal punishment at the school had come to an abrupt end.
Michael Stanley Leathes was born in Cambridge on 5th June 1948, the first of three children to Cyril Leathes and Marja Miskiewicz. Cyril, a Cumbria-born solicitor and British Army Major, had been appointed a War Crimes judge in Cologne as the War ended. Marja, a 23-year old Polish refugee, newly released from a Nazi prison camp in Cologne, was recruited as an interpreter in the military tribunal. Their relationship somehow blossomed in a place echoing with tales of brutality and inhumanity. By late 1946, Cyril had joined a privately-funded venture led by Professor John Hilton at Cambridge University that offered the British public a free legal advice service, the precursor of the state-funded Legal Aid system. Marja came to the UK under the British Resettlement Scheme, joining Cyril, who lived on a houseboat on the River Cam. They moved out of the city after Michael’s arrival, eventually settling in the village of Harston.
In 1967, Michael was accepted on a law degree course in Manchester. On a visit home to Harston one Christmas, Michael met Annette van der Kleij, who had come from Holland to stay with the neighbours to learn English. They got on so well that Michael was invited to spend his 1969 summer vacation on the family’s bulb farm in Wassenaar, near The Hague. They became engaged that summer, an occasion Michael compared to winning the global lottery jackpot at his very first attempt. In 1970, Michael graduated with his law degree and was Called to the Bar of England & Wales, having pursued both courses simultaneously. He and Annette were married in 1971. Months later, with Annette’s encouragement, Michael enrolled on a one-year LL.M Master of Laws course in European Laws at Exeter University. Annette got a temporary job at Exeter City Library, earning enough to support them while Michael studied.
In 1972, the UK became a member of the Common Market and Michael, armed with his newly-minted LL.M, joined the European Legal Department of The Gillette Company in London. There he cut his teeth in litigation, joint ventures and intellectual property throughout Europe.
In 1979, following the births of Femke (1975) and Tom (1978), Michael was offered the role of Legal Director of Pfizer Europe in Brussels and the family moved to Belgium. Michael coordinated the enforcement of Pfizer’s patent rights against violators in Europe. At one point he led what was then the largest litigation programme in the global pharmaceutical industry.
Gregor was born in Brussels in 1982. Two years later, Pfizer promoted Michael to International General Counsel at the company’s New York City headquarters. The family moved to Chappaqua NY, an hour’s train commute from Grand Central Station. It was a stressful time as the job, in those pre-internet days, entailed travel out of the US for over 60% of the time. In 1987, they decided to return to the UK to try and find a better work-life balance.
As a stepping stone, Michael served as the first Secretary General of a new European trade association, now called Animal Health Europe, established in Brussels by Pfizer and other companies to lobby for the international veterinary pharmaceutical industry at the EU institutions. The family settled in Wokingham, UK where the children enrolled in schools, and Michael commuted weekly to and from Brussels. So much for the work-life balance, but it was best for the children’s education. Michael’s tasks included suing the European Commission for banning use of five veterinary hormones in beef agriculture despite overwhelming scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy. He considered it important to set a precedent that provably safe, effective products cannot be outlawed only because their use was politically undesirable. Michael and toxicologist Dr Martin Terry wrote The Hormone Scandal, a book exposing the detailed facts. Threats to sue them for libel never materialised, as their revelations were all true.
Michael joined International Distillers & Vintners IDV in London in 1989 as Group Legal Director. From 1990, he made many trips to Russia to help build relationships in the alcoholic beverage sector. During this time, he took a mediation training course in the US to help develop his negotiating and dispute resolution skills. After 7 years, before IDV merged with Guinness to become Diageo, Michael moved to BAT, then the world’s second-largest trademark owner, to lead Batmark, a subsidiary that managed BAT’s worldwide intellectual property (IP) rights. He negotiated a joint venture with Ford Motor Company to develop a novel software system to manage both companies’ patents, trademarks and copyrights, which they called Anaqua. After selling it to private equity, Anaqua became the world’s most-used IP management system.
Michael took early retirement in 2006, looking forward with Annette to travel and, in due course, enjoying their close involvement with their three children and eventually six amazing grandchildren. Professionally, he created the International Mediation Institute IMI in The Hague, backed by the American Arbitration Association, General Electric, Shell and others. Its aim was to promote mediation and set global professional practice standards for mediators. He led the IMI unremunerated for 8 years. In 2014, the Chief Justice of Singapore invited Michael to join a small International Working Group to propose initiatives that would enable Singapore to become a world-leading centre for mediation. Michael drafted the Working Group’s recommendations, all of which were accepted and implemented by the Government. Singapore is now the pre-eminent mediation forum and professional standards setter in Asia and beyond.
Michael served for 8 years as the initial Chair of the SDRA, a new residents association for the neighbourhood where they lived in Wokingham, successfully preventing developers ruining the rural character of this part of the busy market town. In 2015, Michael stepped down from the IMI Board to write a book he entitled “Negotiation – Things corporate counsel need to know but were not taught” (Wolters Kluwer, 2017), believing that lawyers should learn to be far less rights-based, positional and legalistic when negotiating. In 2024, Michael helped the 44 leaseholders at his late mother’s over-55s apartment building to claim compensation for what they considered unfair acts by the housing association that previously owned the building’s freehold. In these and various other initiatives, Michael got involved for one main reason: he felt that he might just be able to help to “redress a wrong”.
As in-house counsel in leading international corporations, Michael was a frequent user and advocate of mediation services. After retiring in 2007, he had an instrumental role in the establishment of the International Mediation Institute (IMI), where he served in a pro bono capacity as IMI’s first Executive Director, and as a board director until 2015.
He advocated for transparency and high competency standards in mediation, to ensure its worldwide uptake, and for a user-led IMI which would play a visible role in important public policy developments.
So many people have been touched by Michael’s work and kind, gracious personality. So many institutions have been built and strengthened by his far-reaching vision, which transcended borders and cultures. We trust that the sharing of our memories of Michael, his ideas, and his unique approach will further inspire us and the entire mediation community to collectively work together to advance the field and his legacy. The building of this “In Memoriam” page is a first step in doing so.
Kindly note that Michael´s family is organising a memorial service for Michael in Oxford, United Kingdom on 14 March 2025, to remember and celebrate Michael, and to give space to reflect about the future continued impact of his work, friendship and council.
For further details please see: www.michaelleathesmemorial.co.uk.
All are welcome – family, friends, colleagues and beyond.
We encourage everyone who wishes to pay their respects to Michael to post their testimonials, memories and stories about him below. Please join us in celebrating Michael’s life and accomplishments for the benefit of not only the international dispute resolution community but his family as well.
Please note that is may take a few hours for your post to appear on the screen.
Resources:
Michael created important resources, such as the role-play video “Resolution Through Mediation: Solving a Complex International Business Problem (IP Dispute)”, created together with the International Trademark Association (INTA) and CPR Institute for the business community to be better aware of mediation, and for mediators young in experience to further their knowledge and skills.
He was heavily influential in the Working Group which gave a set of recommendations to develop Singapore into a centre for international commercial mediation, including recommending the setting up of the Singapore International Mediation Centre (SIMC) and the Singapore International Mediation Institute (SIMI), where he served as the Founding Co-Chair.
Other notable projects were the Global Pound Conference (GPC) (2016-2017) and the Seven Keys to Unlock Mediation’s Golden Age (2020) within which he called for forging a user-driven vision for mediation.
Michael´s book “Negotiation: Things Corporate Counsel Need to Know but Were Not Taught” (2017) focuses on the negotiation of better deals and settlements from an in-house lawyer’s perspective. Although written especially for corporate counsel, this book on negotiation is universally applicable across all professions and fields of practice. For more information please go to www.michaelleathes.co.uk. Insights on the book may also be accessed on Kluwer Mediation Blog, penned by Michael McIlwrath, IMI Honorary Board Member.
He was a prolific writer and thinker, and his many articles, such as the classics “Stop Shovelling Smoke! Give users a classic definition of mediation” and F=T(Q+II) have been published on IMI’s website, mediate.com and Kluwer Mediation, with classic endurance. Please see below “Mobilizing meditatively”, The Seven Keys to Unlock Mediation’s Golden Age Epilogue, co-authored with Manon Schonewille.